形象記憶, 積極遺忘與消極遺忘

積極遺忘及消極遺忘
Jī jí yí wàng jí xiāo jí yí wàng

辭意解釋
Cí yǔ jiě shì

消極遺忘是熟記過的事物在任何情況下
都不能表現認知或再現。
這是一種永久性的遺忘形式。
xiāo jí yí wàng shì shú jìguò de shì wù zài rènhé qíngkuàng xià
dōu bùnéng biǎoxiàn rènzhī huò zàixiàn.
Zhè shì yīzhǒng yǒngjiǔ xìng de yíwàng xíng shì.

積極遺忘是背好導師講解的課或知識後，
詳細的教道不被完全記住，
不過還抓住重要的部分。
Jījí yíwàng shì bèi hǎo dǎoshī jiǎngjiě de kè huò zhīshì hòu,
xiángxì de jiào dào bù bèi wánquán jì zhù,
bùguò hái zhuā zhù zhòngyào de bù fèn.

形象記憶是以感知過的事物形象為內容的記憶。
例如，學生記住了教師講解課的語音、
表情和手勢、記住了課本中的插圖，
這種形象激勵又可稱作表象記憶。
Xíngxiàng jìyì shì yǐ gǎnzhīguò de shì wù xíngxiàng wèi nèiróng de jìyì.
Lìrú, xuéshēng jì zhùle jiàoshī jiǎngjiě kè de yǔyīn,
biǎoqíng hé shǒushì, jì zhùle kèběn zhōng de chātú,
zhè zhǒng xíngxiàng jīlì yòu kě chēng zuò biǎoxiàng jì yì.

Word Bank 字彙表

消 xiāo to disappear; to vanish; to eliminate; to spend (time); have to; need
忘 wàng to forget; to overlook; to neglect
是 shì is; are; am; yes; to be
shì variant of 是[shi4]; (used in given names)
熟 shóu see 熟[shú]
shú cooked (of food); ripe (of fruit); mature (of seeds); familiar; skilled; done; also pr. [shou2]
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
食物 shí wù food; CL:種|种[zhong3]
在 zài (located) at; (to be) in; to exist; in the middle of doing sth; (indicating an action in progress)
任何 rèn hé any; whatever; whichever; whatsoever
情 qíng feeling; emotion; passion; situation
下 xià down; downwards; below; lower; later; next (week etc); second (of two parts); to decline; to go down; to arrive at (a decision, conclusion etc); measure word to show the frequency of an action
都 dōu all; both; entirely; (used for emphasis) even; already; (not) at all
Dū surname Du
dū capital city; metropolis
不能 bù néng cannot; must not; should not
表 biǎo exterior surface; family relationship via females; to show (one's opinion); a model; a table (listing information); a form; a meter (measuring sth)
biǎo wrist or pocket watch
知 zhī to know; to be aware
或 huò maybe; perhaps; might; possibly; or
再 zài again; once more; re-; second; another; then (after sth, and not until then)
是 shì is; are; am; yes; to be
shì variant of 是[shi4]; (used in given names)
一 yī one; 1; single; a (article); as soon as; entire; whole; all; throughout; "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1); also pr. [yao1] for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit
永久性 yǒng jiǔ xìng permanent
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
忘 wàng to forget; to overlook; to neglect
形式 xíng shì outer appearance; form; shape; formality; CL:個|个[ge4]
形象 xíng xiàng image; form; figure; CL:個|个[ge4]; visualization; vivid
是以 shì yǐ therefore; thus; so
感知 gǎn zhī perception; awareness
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
食物 shí wù food; CL:種|种[zhong3]
形象 xíng xiàng image; form; figure; CL:個|个[ge4]; visualization; vivid
容 Róng surname Rong
róng to hold; to contain; to allow; to tolerate; appearance; look; countenance
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
例如 lì rú for example; for instance; such as
生 shēng to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; raw; uncooked; student
住 zhù to live; to dwell; to stay; to reside; to stop; (suffix indicating firmness, steadiness, or coming to a halt)
了 le (modal particle intensifying preceding clause); (completed action marker)
liǎo to finish; to achieve; variant of 瞭|了[liao3]; to understand clearly
liào unofficial variant of 瞭[liao4]
liǎo (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
教 jiāo to teach
Jiào surname Jiao
jiào religion; teaching; to make; to cause; to tell
解 jiě to divide; to break up; to split; to separate; to dissolve; to solve; to melt; to remove; to untie; to loosen; to open; to emancipate; to explain; to understand; to know; a solution; a dissection
Xiè surname Xie
jiè to transport under guard
xiè acrobatic display (esp. on horseback) (old); variant of 懈[xie4] and 邂[xie4] (old)
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
音 yīn sound; noise; note (of musical scale); tone; news; syllable; reading (phonetic value of a character)
表情 biǎo qíng (facial) expression; to express one's feelings; expression
和 hé and; together with; with; sum; union; peace; harmony; Taiwan pr. [han4] when it means "and" or "with"
hé old variant of 和[he2]; harmonious
Hé surname He; Japanese (food, clothes etc)
hè to compose a poem in reply (to sb's poem) using the same rhyme sequence; to join in the singing; to chime in with others
hú to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards
huó to combine a powdery substance (flour, plaster etc) with water; Taiwan pr. [huo4]
huò to mix (ingredients) together; to blend; classifier for rinses of clothes; classifier for boilings of medicinal herbs
hé old variant of 和[he2]
手 shǒu hand; (formal) to hold; person engaged in certain types of work; person skilled in certain types of work; personal(ly); convenient; classifier for skill; CL:雙|双[shuang1],隻|只[zhi1]
住 zhù to live; to dwell; to stay; to reside; to stop; (suffix indicating firmness, steadiness, or coming to a halt)
了 le (modal particle intensifying preceding clause); (completed action marker)
liǎo to finish; to achieve; variant of 瞭|了[liao3]; to understand clearly
liào unofficial variant of 瞭[liao4]
liǎo (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
本 běn roots or stems of plants; origin; source; this; the current; root; foundation; basis; classifier for books, periodicals, files etc; originally
中的 zhòng dì to hit the target; to hit the nail on the head
插 chā to insert; stick in; pierce; to take part in; to interfere; to interpose
chā old variant of 插[cha1]
形象 xíng xiàng image; form; figure; CL:個|个[ge4]; visualization; vivid
激 jī to arouse; to incite; to excite; to stimulate; sharp; fierce; violent
又 yòu (once) again; also; both... and...; and yet; (used for emphasis) anyway
可 kè see 可汗[ke4 han2]
kě can; may; able to; to approve; to permit; to suit; (particle used for emphasis) certainly; very
作 zuò to do; to grow; to write or compose; to pretend; to regard as; to feel; writings or works
表象 biǎo xiàng idea