遷移的解釋

遷移與學習具有類似的解釋
簡單來說，學習是通過學習或經驗
而獲得知識或學會技能。
Qiānyí yǔ xuéxí jùyǒu lèisì de jiěshì
jiǎndān lái shuō, xuéxí shì tōngguò xuéxí huò jīngyàn
ér huòdé zhīshì huò xuéhuì jìnéng.

遷移詳細解釋

所謂“遷移”就是舉一反三,
學習了這種技能再去學習另一種技能,
就會學得更快更順利。
Suǒwèi “qiānyí” jiùshì jǔyīfǎnsān,
xuéxíle zhè zhǒng jìnéng zài qù xuéxí lìng yīzhǒng jìnéng,
jiù huì xué dé gèng kuài gèng shùnlì.

“遷移”有兩種:
“Qiānyí” yǒu liǎng zhǒng:

一
是已掌握的技能對新技能的掌握產生積極影響,
這是正遷移。
如學生學了朗誦,對學習演說有積極影 響。
Yī
shì yǐ zhǎngwò de jìnéng duì xīn jìnéng de zhǎngwò chǎnshēng jījí yǐngxiǎng,
zhè shìzhèng qiānyí.
Rú xuéshēng xuéle lǎngsòng, duì xuéxí yǎnshuō yǒu jījí yǐngxiǎng.

二
是已掌握的技能對新技能的掌握給予消極影響,
這是負遷移。
例如,學習語音中 zh、ch、sh、r 的 發音方法,
經過多次練習,反复糾正錯誤,
基本上掌握了這些翹舌音的發音方法。
Èr
shì yǐ zhǎngwò de jìnéng duì xīn jìnéng de zhǎngwò jǐyǔ xiāojí yǐngxiǎng,
zhè shì fù qiānyí.
Lìrú, xuéxí yǔyīn zhōng zh,ch,sh,r de fāyīn fāngfǎ,
jīngguò duō cì liànxí, fǎnfù jiūzhèng cuòwù,
jīběn shàng zhǎngwòle zhèxiē qiào shé yīn de fāyīn fāngfǎ.

以後練習 z、c、s 時, 往往會讀成翹舌音,
或者讀時要停頓下來考慮究竟如何發音,
要不要翹舌,這就是負遷移(或叫干擾)。
Yǐhòu liànxí z,c,s shí, wǎngwǎng huì dú chéng qiào shé yīn,
huòzhě dú shí yào tíngdùn xiàlái kǎolǜ jiùjìng rúhé fāyīn,
yào bùyào qiào shé, zhè jiùshì fù qiānyí (huò jiào gānrǎo).

促進技能遷移的主要方法有以下幾點:
一、加強基礎知識和基本技能的教學
二、發展學生的分析、綜合和抽象、概括能力
三、創造技能遷移的機會
Cùjìn jìnéng qiānyí de zhǔyào fāngfǎ yǒu yǐxià jǐ diǎn:
Yī, jiāqiáng jīchǔ zhīshì hé jīběn jìnéng de jiàoxué
èr, fāzhǎn xuéshēng de fēnxī, zònghé hé chōuxiàng, gàikuò nénglì
sān, chuàngzào jìnéng qiānyí de jīhuì

Word Bank 字彙表

所谓 suǒ wèi so-called; what is called
迁移 qiān yí to migrate; to move
就是 jiù shì (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as stated); precisely; exactly; even; if; just like; in the same way as
举一反三 jǔ yī fǎn sān to raise one and infer three; to deduce many things from one case (idiom)
学习 xué xí to learn; to study
了 le (modal particle intensifying preceding clause); (completed action marker)
liǎo to finish; to achieve; variant of 瞭|了[liao3]; to understand clearly
liào unofficial variant of 瞭[liao4]
liǎo (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
这种 zhè zhǒng this; this kind of; this sort of; this type of
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
再 zài again; once more; re-; second; another; then (after sth, and not until then)
去 qù to go; to go to (a place); (of a time etc) last; just passed; to send; to remove; to get rid of; to reduce; to be apart from in space or time; to die (euphemism); to play (a part); (when used either before or after a verb) to go in order to do sth; (after a verb of motion indicates movement away from the speaker); (used after certain verbs to indicate detachment or separation)
学习 xué xí to learn; to study
另一种 lìng yī zhǒng another kind
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
就 jiù at once; right away; only; just (emphasis); as early as; already; as soon as; then; in that case; as many as; even if; to approach; to move towards; to undertake; to engage in; to suffer; subjected to; to accomplish; to take advantage of; to go with (of foods); with regard to; concerning
会 huì can; to be possible; to be able to; will; to be likely to; to be sure to; to assemble; to meet; to gather; to see; union; group; association; CL:個|个[ge4]; a moment (Taiwan pr. for this sense is [hui3])
kuài to balance an account; accountancy; accounting
学 xué to learn; to study; to imitate; science; -ology
得 de structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc
dé to obtain; to get; to gain; to catch (a disease); proper; suitable; proud; contented; to allow; to permit; ready; finished
děi to have to; must; ought to; to need to
更 gèng more; even more; further; still; still more
gēng to change or replace; to experience; one of the five two hour periods into which the night was formerly divided; watch (e.g. of a sentry or guard)
快 kuài rapid; quick; speed; rate; soon; almost; to make haste; clever; sharp (of knives or wits); forthright; plainspoken; gratified; pleased; pleasant
更 gèng more; even more; further; still; still more
gēng to change or replace; to experience; one of the five two hour periods into which the night was formerly divided; watch (e.g. of a sentry or guard)
顺利 shùn lì smoothly; without a hitch
迁移 qiān yí to migrate; to move
有 yǒu to have; there is; there are; to exist; to be
两 liǎng two; both; some; a few; tael, unit of weight equal to 50 grams (modern) or 1⁄16 of a catty 斤[jin1] (old)
种 zhǒng seed; species; kind; type; classifier for types, kinds, sorts
zhòng to plant; to grow; to cultivate
一 yī one; 1; single; a (article); as soon as; entire; whole; all; throughout; "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1); also pr. [yao1] for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit
是 shì is; are; am; yes; to be
shì variant of 是[shi4]; (used in given names)
已 yǐ already; to stop; then; afterwards
掌握 zhǎng wò to grasp (often fig.); to control; to seize (initiative, opportunity, destiny); to master; to know well; to understand sth well and know how to use it; fluency
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
对 duì right; correct; couple; pair; towards; at; for; to face; opposite; to treat (sb a certain way); to match together; to adjust; to fit; to suit; to answer; to reply; classifier: couple
新 xīn new; newly; meso- (chemistry)
Xīn abbr. for Xinjiang 新疆[Xin1 jiang1] or Singapore 新加坡[Xin1 jia1 po1]; surname Xin
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
掌握 zhǎng wò to grasp (often fig.); to control; to seize (initiative, opportunity, destiny); to master; to know well; to understand sth well and know how to use it; fluency
产生 chǎn shēng to arise; to come into being; to come about; to give rise to; to bring into being; to bring about; to produce; to engender; to generate; to appear; appearance; emergence; generation; production; yield
积极 jī jí active; energetic; vigorous; positive (outlook); proactive
影响 yǐng xiǎng influence; effect; to influence; to affect (usually adversely); to disturb; CL:股[gu3]
这 zhè this; these; (commonly pr. [zhei4] before a classifier, esp. in Beijing)
是 shì is; are; am; yes; to be
shì variant of 是[shi4]; (used in given names)
正 zhèng straight; upright; proper; main; principal; to correct; to rectify; exactly; just (at that time); right (in that place); (math.) positive
zhēng first month of the lunar year
迁移 qiān yí to migrate; to move
如 rú as; as if; such as
学生 xué sheng student; schoolchild
学 xué to learn; to study; to imitate; science; -ology
了 le (modal particle intensifying preceding clause); (completed action marker)
liǎo to finish; to achieve; variant of 瞭|了[liao3]; to understand clearly
liào unofficial variant of 瞭[liao4]
liǎo (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
朗诵 lǎng sòng to read aloud with expression; to recite; to declaim
对 duì right; correct; couple; pair; towards; at; for; to face; opposite; to treat (sb a certain way); to match together; to adjust; to fit; to suit; to answer; to reply; classifier: couple
学习 xué xí to learn; to study
演说 yǎn shuō speech; to deliver a speech
有 yǒu to have; there is; there are; to exist; to be
积极 jī jí active; energetic; vigorous; positive (outlook); proactive
影 yǐng picture; image; film; movie; photograph; reflection; shadow; trace
响 xiǎng echo; sound; noise; to make a sound; to sound; to ring; loud; classifier for noises
二 èr two; 2; (Beijing dialect) stupid
是 shì is; are; am; yes; to be
shì variant of 是[shi4]; (used in given names)
已 yǐ already; to stop; then; afterwards
掌握 zhǎng wò to grasp (often fig.); to control; to seize (initiative, opportunity, destiny); to master; to know well; to understand sth well and know how to use it; fluency
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
对 duì right; correct; couple; pair; towards; at; for; to face; opposite; to treat (sb a certain way); to match together; to adjust; to fit; to suit; to answer; to reply; classifier: couple
新 xīn new; newly; meso- (chemistry)
Xīn abbr. for Xinjiang 新疆[Xin1 jiang1] or Singapore 新加坡[Xin1 jia1 po1]; surname Xin
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
掌握 zhǎng wò to grasp (often fig.); to control; to seize (initiative, opportunity, destiny); to master; to know well; to understand sth well and know how to use it; fluency
给予 jǐ yǔ to accord; to give; to show (respect)
消极 xiāo jí negative; passive; inactive
影响 yǐng xiǎng influence; effect; to influence; to affect (usually adversely); to disturb; CL:股[gu3]
这 zhè this; these; (commonly pr. [zhei4] before a classifier, esp. in Beijing)
是 shì is; are; am; yes; to be
shì variant of 是[shi4]; (used in given names)
负 fù to bear; to carry (on one's back); to turn one's back on; to be defeated; negative (math. etc)
迁移 qiān yí to migrate; to move
例如 lì rú for example; for instance; such as
学习 xué xí to learn; to study
语音 yǔ yīn speech sounds; pronunciation; colloquial (rather than literary) pronunciation of a Chinese character; phonetic; audio; voice; (Internet) to voice chat; voice message
中 zhōng within; among; in; middle; center; while (doing sth); during; (dialect) OK; all right
Zhōng China; Chinese; surname Zhong
zhòng to hit (the mark); to be hit by; to suffer; to win (a prize, a lottery)
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
发音 fā yīn to pronounce; pronunciation; to emit sound
方法 fāng fǎ method; way; means; CL:個|个[ge4]
经过 jīng guò to pass; to go through; process; course; CL:個|个[ge4]
多次 duō cì many times; repeatedly
练习 liàn xí to practice; exercise; drill; practice; CL:個|个[ge4]
反复 fǎn fù variant of 反覆|反复[fan3 fu4]
fǎn fù repeatedly; over and over; to upend; unstable; to come and go; (of an illness) to return
纠正 jiū zhèng to correct; to make right
错误 cuò wù error; mistake; CL:個|个[ge4]; mistaken; false; wrong
基本上 jī běn shang basically; on the whole
掌握 zhǎng wò to grasp (often fig.); to control; to seize (initiative, opportunity, destiny); to master; to know well; to understand sth well and know how to use it; fluency
了 le (modal particle intensifying preceding clause); (completed action marker)
liǎo to finish; to achieve; variant of 瞭|了[liao3]; to understand clearly
liào unofficial variant of 瞭[liao4]
liǎo (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
这些 zhè xiē these
翘舌音 qiáo shé yīn retroflex; consonants zh, ch, sh, r produced on the back of the tongue
qiào shé yīn retroflex sound (e.g. in Mandarin zh, ch, sh, r)
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
发音 fā yīn to pronounce; pronunciation; to emit sound
方法 fāng fǎ method; way; means; CL:個|个[ge4]
以后 yǐ hòu after; later; afterwards; following; later on; in the future
练习 liàn xí to practice; exercise; drill; practice; CL:個|个[ge4]
时 shí o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period
Shí surname Shi
shí old variant of 時|时[shi2]
往往 wǎng wǎng often; frequently
会 huì can; to be possible; to be able to; will; to be likely to; to be sure to; to assemble; to meet; to gather; to see; union; group; association; CL:個|个[ge4]; a moment (Taiwan pr. for this sense is [hui3])
kuài to balance an account; accountancy; accounting
读 dú to read; to study; reading of word (i.e. pronunciation), similar to 拼音[pin1 yin1]
dòu comma; phrase marked by pause
成 chéng to succeed; to finish; to complete; to accomplish; to become; to turn into; to be all right; OK!; one tenth
Chéng surname Cheng
翘舌音 qiáo shé yīn retroflex; consonants zh, ch, sh, r produced on the back of the tongue
qiào shé yīn retroflex sound (e.g. in Mandarin zh, ch, sh, r)
或者 huò zhě or; possibly; maybe; perhaps
读 dú to read; to study; reading of word (i.e. pronunciation), similar to 拼音[pin1 yin1]
dòu comma; phrase marked by pause
时 shí o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period
Shí surname Shi
shí old variant of 時|时[shi2]
要 yào important; vital; to want; to ask for; will; going to (as future auxiliary); may; must; (used in a comparison) must be; probably; if
yāo to demand; to request; to coerce
停顿 tíng dùn to halt; to break off; pause (in speech)
下来 xià lai to come down; (after verb of motion, indicates motion down and towards us, also fig.); (indicates continuation from the past towards us); to be harvested (of crops); to be over (of a period of time); to go among the masses (said of leaders)
考虑 kǎo lǜ to think over; to consider; consideration
kǎo lǜ to think over; to consider; consideration
究竟 jiū jìng to go to the bottom of a matter; after all; when all is said and done; (in an interrogative sentence) finally; outcome; result
如何 rú hé how; what way; what
发音 fā yīn to pronounce; pronunciation; to emit sound
要不 yào bù otherwise; or else; how about...?; either... (or...)
要 yào important; vital; to want; to ask for; will; going to (as future auxiliary); may; must; (used in a comparison) must be; probably; if
yāo to demand; to request; to coerce
翘 qiáo outstanding; to raise
qiào to stick up; to rise on one end; to tilt
舌 shé tongue
这 zhè this; these; (commonly pr. [zhei4] before a classifier, esp. in Beijing)
就是 jiù shì (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as stated); precisely; exactly; even; if; just like; in the same way as
负 fù to bear; to carry (on one's back); to turn one's back on; to be defeated; negative (math. etc)
迁移 qiān yí to migrate; to move
或 huò maybe; perhaps; might; possibly; or
叫 jiào to shout; to call; to order; to ask; to be called; by (indicates agent in the passive mood)
jiào variant of 叫[jiao4]
干扰 gān rǎo to disturb; to interfere; perturbation; interference (physics)
促进 cù jìn to promote (an idea or cause); to advance; boost
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
迁移 qiān yí to migrate; to move
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
主要 zhǔ yào main; principal; major; primary
方法 fāng fǎ method; way; means; CL:個|个[ge4]
有 yǒu to have; there is; there are; to exist; to be
以下 yǐ xià that level or lower; that amount or less; the following
几点 jǐ diǎn what time?; when?
一 yī one; 1; single; a (article); as soon as; entire; whole; all; throughout; "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1); also pr. [yao1] for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit
加强 jiā qiáng to reinforce; to strengthen; to increase
基础 jī chǔ base; foundation; basis; underlying; CL:個|个[ge4]
知识 zhī shi knowledge; CL:門|门[men2]; intellectual
和 hé and; together with; with; sum; union; peace; harmony; Taiwan pr. [han4] when it means "and" or "with"
hé old variant of 和[he2]; harmonious
Hé surname He; Japanese (food, clothes etc)
hè to compose a poem in reply (to sb's poem) using the same rhyme sequence; to join in the singing; to chime in with others
hú to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards
huó to combine a powdery substance (flour, plaster etc) with water; Taiwan pr. [huo4]
huò to mix (ingredients) together; to blend; classifier for rinses of clothes; classifier for boilings of medicinal herbs
hé old variant of 和[he2]
基本 jī běn basic; fundamental; main; elementary
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
教学 jiào xué to teach; teaching and learning; education; CL:門|门[men2],個|个[ge4]
二 èr two; 2; (Beijing dialect) stupid
发展 fā zhǎn development; growth; to develop; to grow; to expand
学生 xué sheng student; schoolchild
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
分析 fēn xī to analyze; analysis; CL:個|个[ge4]
综合 zōng hé comprehensive; composite; synthesized; mixed; to sum up; to integrate; to synthesize
和 hé and; together with; with; sum; union; peace; harmony; Taiwan pr. [han4] when it means "and" or "with"
hé old variant of 和[he2]; harmonious
Hé surname He; Japanese (food, clothes etc)
hè to compose a poem in reply (to sb's poem) using the same rhyme sequence; to join in the singing; to chime in with others
hú to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards
huó to combine a powdery substance (flour, plaster etc) with water; Taiwan pr. [huo4]
huò to mix (ingredients) together; to blend; classifier for rinses of clothes; classifier for boilings of medicinal herbs
hé old variant of 和[he2]
抽象 chōu xiàng abstract; abstraction; CL:種|种[zhong3]
概括 gài kuò to summarize; to generalize; briefly; CL:個|个[ge4]
能力 néng lì capability; ability; CL:個|个[ge4]
三 Sān surname San
sān three; 3
创造 chuàng zào to create; to bring about; to produce; to set (a record)
技能 jì néng technical ability; skill
迁移 qiān yí to migrate; to move
的 de of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
dí really and truly
dì aim; clear
dī see 的士[di1 shi4]
机会 jī huì opportunity; chance; occasion; CL:個|个[ge4]